In this study of the mechanisms of transitional justice in Poland Frances Millard asks How does society come to terms with its past How should it punish the perpetrators of oppression and acknowledge its victims In the former communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe the task of answering these questions came down to the need to eliminate the communist parties hold over the state the economy and society in order to move towards democracy. Millard argues that the key step in achieving this was uncovering the truth about the previous regimes past prosecuting the perpetrators of past crimes and providing compensation and restitution for its victims. Through the specific case of Poland Millard provides a comprehensive assessment of the mechanisms and institutions used to achieve this such as lustration law enforcement through a Constitutional Tribunal and institutions dedicated to dealing with the past such as the Institute of National Remembrance.